Globe: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Teknologi Kebumian, Ilmu Perkapalan
Journal Title : Globe: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Teknologi Kebumian, Ilmu Perkapalan Initials : Globe Frequency : Februari, Mei, Agustus dan November Print ISSN : 3031-5018 Online ISSN : 3031-3503 Editor in Chief : Machrus Ali, ST., MT., IPM. DOI : 10.61132 Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia Globe: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Teknologi Kebumian, Ilmu Perkapalan. is a journal devoted to the publication of scientific articles published by the Indonesian Engineering Science Research Association. This journal is a peer-reviewed and open research journal of the Engineering Science Clump. The fields of study in this journal include the Civil Engineering, Earth and Shipbuilding Engineering sub-groups. The Research Journal of the Engineering Science Clump accepts articles in English and Indonesian. This journal is published 1 year 4 times (February, May, August and November) Globe: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Teknologi Kebumian, Ilmu Perkapalan published by Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia, in collaboration with universities and supported by the Asosiasi Pengelola Jurnal Indonesia. Indexed by : Journal Sponsors and Partners :
Analisis Potensi Penurunan Muka Air Tanah di Salah Satu Bandar Udara Jawa Timur
Nowadays, groundwater in the world has been widely exploited along with the increasing population. One of the impacts of massive groundwater extraction is the decline in groundwater levels. This potential could occur at one of the airports in East Java which is one of the most crowded airports in Indonesia. The large number of passengers at the airport has increased groundwater extraction due to the increasing need for sanitation, airport facilities, and other operational needs. This study aims to determine the potential for groundwater level decline at one of the airports in East Java. The research method used is a quantitative method by projecting secondary data from the results of groundwater level sampling carried out every 6 months. The results of the study showed a decline in groundwater levels at one of the airports in East Java in the next 20 years due to the increase in passengers each year. The results of this study are expected to be one of the preventive steps for all of us to maintain the sustainability of groundwater resources.
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Pengaruh Curah Hujan Terhadap Produksi Alat Angkut Batubara PT Bima Nusa Internasional Pit Susubang Jobsite PT Kideco Jaya Agung Kecamatan Muara Komam Kabupaten Paser Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Coal mining in indonesia mostlyuses open pit mining methods. Including coal mines owned by PT Bima Nusa Internasional. Administratively, the research area is located in the muara komam area, batu sopang sub-district, paser district, east kalimantan. Open pit mining is a direct method that is exposed to free air above the surface. This study aims to determine the effect of rainfall on the production of coal hauling equipment at PT Bima Nusa Internasional. High rainfall can affect the performance of coal hauling equipment, which in turn has the potential to disrupt operational smoothness and reduce productivity. This study uses a quantitativeapporach by analyzing daily rainfall data for two months and coal hauling equipmentproduction data for a two months period. The results of the study show that there is a significant negative relationship between rainfall and the amount of coal transport equipment production.
Analisis Perbandingan Optimasi Pit 24 dengan Metode Lerch Grossman 2D terhadap Estimasi dari Software Minescape di PT Indominco Mandiri (IMM), Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
An open pit exploitation activity will become less effective and cause production to not run well, resulting in the failure to meet production targets at PT. Indominco Mandiri. Therefore, to achieve production targets and obtain more optimal results, we need to plan the Design Pit Limit. The purpose of this research is to optimize the pit, find the BESR value, and compare the differences between two methods. The Lerch Grossman 2D algorithm method is believed to be able to determine the optimal pit boundary quite quickly, while the Minescape with its triangle method can calculate some unreadable sides quite accurately. The Lerch Grossman method with its economic blocks indicates that an elevation of 72 mdpl is the outer boundary of the pit that has the potential to generate a profit of $20,194,836.59, with the best consideration being a Stripping Ratio of 1:21.08. With that lower limit, an optimal pit design was created using minescape software, resulting in a coal reserve value of 1,581,870.42 tons with a profit of $14,590,646.75, which is larger and with a smaller SR of 1:19.06.
Evaluasi Unjuk Kerja Alat Gali-Muat pada Kegiatan Penambangan Batubara di PT. Insani Bara Perkasa Site Kam 11 Loajanan Kalimantan Timur
This study aims to evaluate the performance of the loading and unloading equipment in coal mining activities at the Mahakam Pit, PT Insani Bara Perkasa Site Km 11, East Kalimantan. The research was motivated by the importance of achieving mechanical equipment performance standards according to the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 1827 of 2018. Data were obtained through direct observation and analysis of actual working time and evaluation of operational constraint factors. The results of the analysis showed that before the evaluation, the mechanical availability (MA) value was 87.24%, physical availability (PA) 88.51%, availability utilization (UA) 88.73%, and effective utilization (EU) 78.54%. After evaluating the constraint time, there was an increase in all parameters: MA to 88.71%, PA to 89%, UA increased to 90%, and EU reached 80%. This evaluation also had an impact on increasing the productivity of the loading and unloading equipment from 268.41 bcm/hour to 284.43 bcm/hour. Thus, the evaluation of work obstacles is proven to be effective in increasing the efficiency and productivity of the digging-loading equipment at the research location.
Studi Penggunaan Counterweight sebagai Penanggulangan Longsor pada Lereng Disposal di Pit 302 PT Jembayan Muarabara Kecamatan Marangkayu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Disposal area is an area at an open pit mine that is used as a place to store or dispose of worthless materials. Disposal must also follow the specified safety factor standards, if the disposal design is not safe after being analyzed by a geotechnical engineer, the design must be redesigned to achieve the desired safety factor value. One way to increase the fk value is to make a Counterweight plan in making disposal. Where Counterweight is a fill material that is made with special treatment so that the soil bearing capacity increases which functions to withstand the load on it. Landslides on disposal slopes are one of the serious problems faced in mining activities, especially in areas with vulnerable geological and topographic conditions. PT Jembayan Muarabara, which operates in Marangkayu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, is no exception to this challenge. The A–A’ cross section shows a safety factor value of 1.118 in saturated conditions, which indicates that the slope is at a stable limit and needs to be improved through engineering such as adding counterweights. The B–B’ cross-section has a safety factor value of 2.332, which is included in the safe category and has met the provisions of the ESDM Ministerial Decree No. 1827 K/30/MEM/2018. The C-C’ cross-section has a safety factor value of 1.511, which is included in the safe category and has met the provisions of the ESDM Ministerial Decree No. 1827 K/30/MEM/2018.
Studi kasus sistem penyaliran tambang batuabara pt bukit baiduri energi kabupaten kutai kartanegara provinsi kalimantan timur
The mining system applied by PT Bukit Baiduri Energi is an open pit mining system utilizing the open-pit method. The application of the open-pit method creates a depression that has a high potential to become a catchment area for both surface runoff and groundwater. In the mining pit of PT Bukit Baiduri Energi, there is a sump located at an elevation of -86 meters above sea level (mdpl). The planned mining boundary is at an elevation of -110 mdpl. Therefore, this research aims to determine the area of the catchment, runoff discharge values, sump capacity, and pump capacity, so that the volume of incoming water can be known, allowing for the control of the sump to prevent overflow that could disrupt mining activities.. Based on the data obtained and the calculations performed, the catchment area was found to be 103.42 ha. In the calculation of runoff discharge using the rational method, the total runoff discharge entering sump A9 was found to be 4,211.66 m3/day. The capacity of the sump was measured at 125,187.62 m3. In the pump capacity calculation, the pump capacity based on the pumping discharge was found to be 2,926.80 m3/day.
Studi Hubungan Nilai Uniaxial Compressive Strength dan Nilai Schmidt Hammer Batulempung pada Formasi Balikpapan dan Kampungbaru Daerah Kutai Kartanegara, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Compressive strength is one of the mechanical properties of rock behavior. This study focuses on the Balikpapan and Kampungbaru Formations located in the Kutai Kartanegara area, East Kalimantan. The Schmidt Hammer testing method was applied due to the lack of previous studies utilizing this tool to evaluate rock hardness in correlation with compressive strength. The research site is situated in the Kutai Kartanegara area, specifically in the districts of Muara Badak, Muara Jawa, and Sanga-Sanga. Field observations revealed the presence of claystone slopes at predetermined locations. Based on the test results, the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values for the Balikpapan Formation range from 3.453 MPa to 5.454 MPa, while the Kampungbaru Formation ranges from 3.317 MPa to 8.571 MPa. The Schmidt Hammer rebound number (RN) values for the Balikpapan Formation range from 17 to 19.6, and for the Kampungbaru Formation from 15 to 23.7. A negative correlation was found between the rebound number and UCS, where higher RN values tend to correspond with lower UCS values. This is supported by the linear regression analysis showing a negative coefficient (-0.450).
Pengaruh Kadar Air terhadap Nilai Kuat Geser Batulempung pada Cekungan Kutai Menggunakan Metode Direct Shear di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
In the Kutai Basin area, seasonal changes such as high rainfall can significantly increase groundwater content, so that the effect of water content on the shear strength of claystone, increasing water content in rocks tends to decrease shear strength. Water in the pores or fractures can increase pore water pressure and reduce effective normal stress. Shear strength is one of the most important mechanical parameters used to assess soil and rock stability, this parameter is very important in slope stability analysis, foundation planning, and various civil engineering and mining applications. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether the water content in rocks can affect the strength of rocks in receiving shear forces. The method used in this study is more quantitative and specific to the effect of water content on the shear strength of claystone in this area. Increasing water content in rocks tends to reduce shear strength. This study was conducted by taking claystone samples from several locations in the Kutai Basin. Data collection in the form of primary data and secondary data for testing physical properties and testing mechanical properties, in testing physical properties, the water content value will be taken as supporting data which is one of the factors that affect rock strength, in testing mechanical properties, claystone shear strength data will be taken. From the results of the physical properties test calculations, the air content in each Formation is obtained, namely, in the Kampungbaru Formation the minimum air content value is 15.54% and the maximum is 20.17%, in the Balikpapan Formation the minimum air content value is 10.21% and the maximum is 12,88%, in the Palaubalang Formation the minimum air content value is 10.49% and the maximum is 22.87%. The results of the strength of the claystone in receiving shear forces in the Kutai Basin are the Muara Jawa location 0.486MPa, Tanah Datar location 0.500 MPa, Sanga-sanga location 0.333 MPa, Muara Badak location 0.269, Air Putih location 0.711MPa, Mugirejo location 0.021 MPa and Lempake location 0.092 MPa.
Analisis Pengaruh Number of Cycles terhadap Pengujian Durability Slake Batulempung pada Formasi Balikpapan dan Formasi Kampung Baru Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Durability is defined as a measure of a rock's resistance to weathering and disintegration when the rock undergoes weathering processes over a short period of time. The susceptibility of rocks to disintegration is related to their low durability. Rock durability is often measured using the slake durability test. The slake durability test is widely used to assess physical changes resulting from wetting-drying processes (Franklin and Chandra, 1972). Therefore, slake durability testing is conducted to understand the weathering of rocks caused by heat and water, particularly clay stones which are one of the constituent rocks on a slope. The sampling location is around Sanga-sanga and Muara Badak. Sampling was conducted with coordinate points and the Balikpapan and Kampungbaru formations. The claystone samples taken were then brought to the Mineral and Coal Technology Laboratory of the Engineering Faculty of Mulawarman University for Slake Durability tests. In this study, the lowest index value obtained was 45.7% and the highest value was 93%, indicating high to very high durability. The difference in the durability index values of claystone at the research locations indicates the presence of variables that can affect the slake durability index values of the claystone in the Balikpapan and Kampungbaru formations, including grain size and mineral content as well as geological conditions at the research site. Based on the results of the claystone durability tests, the durability index value (Id2) was obtained, indicating that the sandstone at the research location falls into the classification of high to low.
Analisis Penanganan Kompensasi Keterlambatan Penerbangan ( Delay ) Terhadap Penumpang Di Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan – Balikpapan
This study aims to analyze the implementation of compensation for flight delays at Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan International Airport, Balikpapan. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through direct observation, in-depth interviews with airline staff, and documentation during On the Job Training (OJT) activities. The main focus of the study is to evaluate the extent to which passenger rights have been fulfilled by airlines in accordance with applicable regulations, specifically the Regulation of the Minister of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia Number PM 89 of 2015 concerning Handling Flight Delays. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of compensation by several airlines is still not optimal. There are discrepancies between regulatory provisions and implementation in the field, such as late delivery of information, disproportionate compensation, and uneven service among airlines. Passengers often do not receive clarity regarding their rights, and complaint mechanisms are still limited. Factors causing delays include technical problems, bad weather, inefficient operational management, and limited number and capacity of human resources on duty. This study emphasizes the need to improve the internal and external communication systems of airlines so that information related to delays and compensation can be conveyed transparently and in a timely manner. In addition, airlines need to conduct regular evaluations of standard operating procedures (SOPs), strengthen customer service training for staff, and foster synergy between work units to improve responsiveness to unforeseen situations. Regulators and airport authorities need stricter oversight and the implementation of strict administrative sanctions for violations of passenger rights. These findings provide important contributions to the formulation of public policy in the air transportation sector and provide input for improving services that are more humane, accountable, and oriented toward customer satisfaction.
Optimalisasi Ruang Kosong Bandara untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Non-Aeronautika melalui Layanan dan Bisnis Tambahan
This study aims to analyze the strategy of utilizing vacant spaces within airports to enhance non-aeronautical revenue through collaboration with Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Given the growing importance of non-aeronautical revenue sources in the aviation industry, this research focuses on how airports can optimize underutilized spaces for commercial purposes. The research method applied is library research, where relevant literature, journals, and previous studies are reviewed to gain insights into successful strategies and best practices. The findings of the study indicate that the development of commercial spaces, such as fast-food tenants, retail outlets, and photo booths, can significantly enhance the passenger experience by providing convenient services and entertainment. Additionally, these developments offer a sustainable alternative revenue stream for airports, diversifying income beyond traditional aeronautical activities. The research also explores the role of the Value Proposition Canvas business model to assess the alignment between the value offered by these services and the needs of passengers. By applying this model, the study emphasizes the importance of understanding customer expectations and ensuring that airport services meet these demands. The analysis further highlights that successful implementation of these strategies requires careful planning, including collaboration between airport management, MSMEs, local governments, and sponsors. Building strong partnerships and ensuring mutual benefit are critical for maximizing the non-aeronautical revenue potential. The study concludes by suggesting that airports can leverage vacant spaces more effectively to not only boost revenue but also improve the overall passenger experience, contributing to the long-term sustainability and growth of the airport sector.
Analisis Peran Unit Terminal Inspection Service dalam Pelaksanaan Pengawasan Fasilitas Landside di Bandar Udara Internasional Minangkabau Padang
This study aims to analyze the role of the Terminal Inspection Service (TIS) Unit in supervising landside facilities at Minangkabau International Airport. Landside facilities include passenger terminals, drop-off areas, parking lots, and other public spaces that serve as key interaction points between airport services and users. Effective supervision of these areas is essential to ensure safety, comfort, and order within the airport environment. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed in this research, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with TIS personnel and related stakeholders, as well as documentation analysis of existing regulations and supervision procedures.The findings reveal that the TIS Unit plays a strategic role in maintaining service quality and the security of landside facilities. This role is carried out through regular monitoring activities, early detection of potential disruptions, and the handling of various violations in public areas. However, the implementation of TIS duties still faces several challenges. These include limited personnel, which restricts comprehensive supervision of all areas; slow response from relevant units when operational issues are reported; and low discipline and compliance among service users, which further complicates enforcement efforts.To enhance the effectiveness of supervision, this study proposes several recommendations. These include strengthening inter-unit coordination within the airport, providing ongoing training for TIS personnel to improve competency and responsiveness, and implementing an integrated digital reporting system to streamline reporting and follow-up processes. Such measures are expected to support more optimal and sustainable supervision of landside facilities at the airport.
Kajian Pemanfaatan Luas Area Terminal untuk Pendapatan Non-aeronautical di Bandar Udara Internasional Zainuddin Abdul Madjid Lombok
This study aims to analyze the potential utilization of empty space on the second floor of the domestic terminal of Zainuddin Abdul Madjid International Airport (ZAM) Lombok to increase revenue from the non-aeronautical sector. The background of this study is based on the importance of optimizing airport assets to support long-term financial sustainability. This is crucial considering that the aeronautical sector is highly dependent on fluctuating flight traffic. Therefore, the development of the non-aerospace sector is a strategic alternative that needs to be seriously addressed. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct observation on site, interviews with airport management, and documentation studies. The results of the observation indicate that there is an empty space on the second floor of the terminal, specifically between the waiting room and a row of commercial tenants, which has not been optimally utilized. This area is considered to have a strategic position and quite high passenger traffic, so it has the potential to be developed into a new commercial facility. One of the proposed developments is a photobox service business unit with a local Lombok cultural theme. This concept is considered interesting because it combines digital technology with elements of cultural tourism promotion, in line with the trend of tourist needs for documentation and unique experiences. A feasibility analysis was conducted using the Business Model Canvas approach and the 7P marketing strategy (product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence). The results showed that this idea is feasible from both an operational and marketing perspective. The study concluded that developing a photo booth business in an empty airport area has the potential to become a new, stable, efficient, and market-relevant source of revenue. Recommendations are given to airport management to immediately realize the utilization of this area to support the airport's role as a regional economic and tourism hub.
Identifikasi Penurunan Kinerja Cargo Oil Pump untuk Mendukung Kelancaran Proses Bongkar Muatan di MT. Pangrango
The Cargo oil pump is one of the auxiliary units on board a ship, used to transfer cargo from one location to another during loading and unloading operations. On the MT Pangrango vessel, an issue occurred with the cargo oil pump: its performance declined, resulting in slow suction during the unloading process. This problem hindered efficient cargo operations, as the pump was not functioning properly.This study aims to identify the contributing factors, impacts, and countermeasures for the decreased performance of the cargo oil pump. The research methodology applied in this thesis involved a descriptive approach combined with Miles and Huberman’s analytical method, with data validity tested via triangulation. Data collection techniques used to identify the problem included observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review.The results revealed that the pump’s shaft was worn due to excessive friction, and the ball bearing s exhibited wear and disintegration caused by lack of lubrication (grease). The recommended corrective actions were to add material to the shaft , perform realignment to correct any shaft misalignment, and implement routine maintenance—specifically, monthly grease lubrication. These measures, when properly applied, can significantly reduce the risk of Cargo oil pump damage.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepuasan Penumpang di Bandar Udara
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing passenger satisfaction at airports through three main perspectives: service, technology, and operations. The background of this research is based on the increasing competition between airports in providing an optimal travel experience amidst the development of the aviation industry and the increasing passenger demands for service quality. This study uses a literature study approach by analyzing ten selected scientific journals that specifically discuss airport service quality from various perspectives. The results of the study indicate that the service perspective, specifically those encompassing SERVQUAL dimensions such as reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and tangibles, has a significant contribution in shaping the perception and satisfaction of airport service users. The technology perspective also plays a significant role, particularly through the implementation of self-services such as self-check-in, Flight Information Display Sistem (FIDS), e-gates, and digital service applications that simplify the travel process. One of the studies analyzed shows that the application of technology can contribute up to 96.8% to user satisfaction, indicating the significant role of digitalization in this industry. From the operational side, factors such as speed of service at the check-in counter, queue time management, completeness and cleanliness of public facilities, and ease of access to the terminal have an equally important influence. These findings underscore that passenger satisfaction is influenced not only by service quality at the point of direct interaction, but also by the smoothness of the overall operational flow. The study's conclusions emphasize the importance of integrating these three perspectives in strategic planning for airport service improvement.
Analisis Ketelitian Horizontal Pengukuran Orthofoto Menggunakan DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise Metode RTK dan PPK
Aerial photo measurement aims to provide a real, fast, and interactive representation of the Earth's surface. Various methods of aerial photo acquisition and correction can be applied to obtain accurate results. The primary objective is to produce photos that present reliable and precise information consistent with actual conditions. A commonly used method in aerial photo mapping is the utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The correction methods applied include direct correction, known as the Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) method, and post-processed correction, known as the Post-Processed Kinematic (PPK) method. This study aims to identify the highest horizontal orthophoto quality based on the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency Regulation (BIG) No. 6 of 2018 concerning RBI map accuracy, by comparing the RTK and PPK methods, as well as variations in flight altitude during UAV data acquisition. The research conducted in Lemo II Village, Teweh Tengah District, North Barito Regency, Central Kalimantan Province revealed that the highest horizontal orthophoto quality was achieved using the PPK correction method at a flight altitude of 120 meters, with a horizontal RMSE value of 0.048 meters and an accuracy of 0.073 meters, which meets Class 1 standards at a 1:1000 scale. These values were obtained from tests conducted on 15 ICP points. Additional tests performed to determine the significance of model and method differences indicated that variations in flight altitude and photo correction methods have a significant impact on horizontal orthophoto quality.
Perbandingan Volume Run Of Mine dengan Menggunakan Data Hasil Pengukuran Terrestrial Laser Scanner dan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Coal is one of the main energy sources and the largest contributor to national revenue; however, its management faces challenges related to limited availability and accuracy in reserve estimation. An essential aspect of mining management is monitoring the Run of Mine (ROM) volume, which plays a critical role in crushing, washing, and blending processes. This study aims to compare the accuracy of ROM volume measurements using Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) methods in the production area of PT FAD, Berau Regency, East Kalimantan. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, involving field data acquisition, three-dimensional modeling, and volume analysis using specialized software. The results show that ROM volume measured with TLS was 1,407.669 lcm, while UAV produced 1,387.357 lcm, with a difference of 20.312 lcm or 1.45%. This deviation is within the ASTM D6172-98 tolerance limit (<2%), indicating that both methods are valid. Although TLS offers higher accuracy, UAV is more effective and efficient in terms of measurement time, making it a reliable alternative for modern mining monitoring. This study provides practical insights for the mining industry in selecting ROM volume measurement methods that are not only accurate but also efficient in supporting sustainable operations and data-driven decision-making.
Analisis Perubahan Tutupan Lahan Tahun 2013 Sampai 2024 di Kota Pariaman
This study aims to analyze land cover changes in Pariaman City in 2013, 2018, and 2024 using Landsat-8 imagery with the support of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) algorithm. Land cover change is a critical issue in Pariaman City, as population growth, infrastructure development, and economic activities have driven significant land conversion. The classification generated eight land cover classes representing the general condition of the area. The analysis revealed that rice fields were the dominant land cover in all three periods; however, they experienced a substantial decline, indicating land conversion, particularly into settlements and road networks. In addition, the area of mangrove forests and water bodies in coastal regions decreased, while plantation areas in the eastern and southern parts of the city increased. Conversely, river land cover remained the smallest category, with annual fluctuations. The identified change patterns included urban sprawl (expansion of settlements into suburban areas), the conversion of productive land into infrastructure, and coastal degradation due to human activities and natural factors. The accuracy assessment produced overall accuracy and a Kappa index above 80%, while validation using the Mapping Accuracy method through Google Earth showed per-class accuracy rates above 75%, categorized as very good. These findings indicate that the use of satellite imagery and the CART algorithm in GEE is effective for monitoring land cover dynamics while providing valuable insights for local governments in formulating sustainable development policies and managing coastal environments such as those in Pariaman City.
Optimalisasi Turbin Angin Savonius Vertikal Berbasis MPPT Algoritma Perturb and Observe (P&O) sebagai Suplai Sistem Pemanas Air di Kapal
As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has significant potential for the utilization of renewable energy, particularly wind energy in maritime areas with low wind speeds (3–6 m/s). This study aims to design and test a vertical Savonius wind turbine system equipped with a Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm as a power source for shipboard water heating systems. The research method applied is Research and Development (R&D), integrating several components such as a DC generator, full-wave bridge rectifier, INA219 current sensor, anemometer cup sensor, ESP32 microcontroller, and a monitoring interface utilizing Google Spreadsheet and a 20x4 LCD. The system was tested under two operating conditions: without MPPT and with MPPT. The experimental results show that the application of the MPPT algorithm successfully increased power output by up to 272.64% while maintaining voltage stability despite varying wind speeds. Nevertheless, the average output power of 2.605 W remained insufficient to meet water heating requirements within a short time. For example, charging a 12V 50Ah battery would require approximately 9.6 consecutive days of operation, highlighting the system’s limitations in high-demand scenarios. Despite these constraints, the findings demonstrate that the vertical Savonius wind turbine integrated with MPPT has strong potential as a clean and environmentally friendly alternative energy solution for maritime applications, particularly for small-scale onboard electrical loads. This study contributes to renewable energy utilization in the shipping sector and provides a foundation for further technological development and optimization.
Implementasi Tungku Pembakaran Sampah Minim Asap Proker Mahasiswa Teknik Sipil UNA Sebagai Solusi Pengelolaan Sampah Ramah Lingkungan
Ineffective management of household waste in rural areas, such as Aek Korsik Village, Aek Ledong District, Asahan Regency, causes air pollution due to traditional waste burning practices. This research aims to design and implement an environmentally friendly low-smoke waste incinerator as an alternative solution based on simple technology and local resources. The research methods used are technological engineering approaches and field studies, including tool design, trials, and environmental and social impact evaluation. The furnace is designed using heat-resistant local materials and mild steel, features a dual ventilation system and a smoke exhaust system with a simple filter, and has a combustion capacity of 5 kilograms per cycle. Preliminary studies show that the composition of waste is dominated by organic matter (60%), plastic and paper (30%), as well as the rest are inorganic. Testing over several weeks showed that an average burn time of 1.5 hours was able to reduce smoke emissions by up to 60% compared to conventional methods. The air quality around the test site has improved significantly, and the community has responded positively to the ease of use and environmental benefits of the furnace. This study concludes that low-smoke combustion furnaces are effective as environmentally friendly waste management solutions in villages, with recommendations for increasing combustion capacity and integrating other waste management methods to support sustainability and environmental preservation.