Evaluasi Geometri Jalan Angkut untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pengangkutan Overburden di Pit Pinang, PT Bukit Baiduri Energi Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur

Abstract

This study evaluates the geometry of the overburden haul road at PT Bukit Baiduri Energi (PT BBE), a coal mining company in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan, to assess whether the road conforms to applicable technical standards and to determine its effect on hauling productivity. Field observations identified road narrowing at several straight segments and a relatively large number of intersections, both suspected of hindering truck movement and reducing safety. The geometric parameters examined include straight road width, curve width, curve radius, superelevation, cross slope, and grade, measured using a measuring tape and a total station/GPS instrument, then compared with the standards of KEPMEN ESDM No. 1827/2018 and AASHTO. Theoretical cycle time before and after improvement was derived from rimpull analysis based on the specifications of the CAT OHT 773E haul truck. Results show the average straight road width was 15 m against an ideal width of 15.6 m, curve width ranged from 10 to 18.8 m against ideal values of 17-22.7 m, and superelevation and cross slope at several segments fell below the standard, while curve radius and grade generally met requirements except at segment C-D, where grade reached 11.3%. After correcting the non-conforming parameters, simulated cycle time decreased from 21.4 to 15.6 minutes, raising overburden hauling productivity from 457 BCM/hour to 668 BCM/hour, exceeding the company target of 500 BCM/hour. These findings indicate that haul road geometry improvement is an effective, low-cost strategy for enhancing transportation efficiency and safety in open-pit coal mining.